The Changing Character of Creon In the Antigone Essay Example

The Changing Character of Creon In the Antigone Paper The chief agent is Creon; his is the character, his the faults and merits, which are immediately relevant to the play1. This comment from H.D.F Kitto is the reason for this study into Creons character in the Antigone of the two protagonists featured, I feel his development throughout the tragedy is the most interesting and compelling aspect of the play. We watch him change from an admired, strong ruler into a tyrant who possesses a severe lack of judgement and misguided conceptions of the world, and finally into a shattered, fallen man whose values have cost him dearly. The character of Creon is at fault for all that happens in the play his decisions drastically effect the lives of those around him. However, his difficult position must be remembered when analysing his actions he was king, and believed he was acting in the best interests of the city. Also, he is the one who fares the worst due to his actions, and is left to live with this pain. As is typical of Greek tragedy, there is no sitting and doing nothing2, so Creon had to act in some way, but his misjudgement caused him to act in a manner which caused suffering to all. Through this study I hope to come to a more thorough understanding of Creons character and consequently gain a deeper insight into the meaning of the play as a whole. We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Character of Creon In the Antigone specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Character of Creon In the Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Character of Creon In the Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer First impressions of Creon are favourable. The chorus describe him as the new man for the new day3 (line 174) and in his opening speech he seems to do what is right for the country, deeming any who place a friend above the good of his own country as nothing (lines 203-4). But even here we have a hint of one of Creons problems his view of the city. Certainly a king should hold high concern for his domain, but we learn later that Creon sees human beings as tools in the productivity of civic well being4, as Martha Nussbaum describes. This critic believes Creon has reordered the values of the world to justify his actions, and this has resulted in his mental fusing of the city and the family. Nussbaum argues that Creon feels he will eliminate the problems of city- family conflict5 if the two become one. He goes so far as to deny familial ties which accounts for his attitude towards Antigones need to bury Polynices where they clash with civic interest. As Nussbaum states, he is attempting to replace blood ties by the bonds of civic friendship6. He sees the city as the supreme good, and all other values are functions of that good. He feels he has made a world into which tragedy cannot enter, but he is sadly mistaken, as is later proven. From this, we can see one of Creons main failings he is incapable of valuing city inhabitants for their intrinsic humanity rather than just their civic productivity. This is proven in his remark to Haemon regarding Antigone he tells his son to simply Spit her out, like a mortal enemy let the girl go (lines 728-9). He feels that because he sees her life as worthless, his son automatically will too he is denying the love his son holds for Antigone, and giving him no respect for having these feelings. Here we are also beginning to witness Creons lapse into tyranny he is prepared to murder Antigone in front of Haemon his own son simply to vent his anger. We had hints of his tyrannical side in his attitude towards the sentry he would have had him killed just for the purpose of punishing someone if the sentry had not found the real culprit. But the inhumanity towards his own flesh and blood is what clinches our opinion. Him bellowing The city is the kings thats the law! (line 825) at Haemon also presents an image of a somewhat power-crazed individual.  We are beginning to see how Creons lack of judgement affects his actions towards others. He lacks respect for the gods, which is shown by comments such as;  Youll never bury that body in the grave,  not even if Zeuss eagles rip the corpse  and wing their rotten pickings off to the throne of god! (lines 1151-1153)

Money Laundering Act Essays

Money Laundering Act Essays Money Laundering Act Essay Money Laundering Act Essay THE PREVENTION OF MONEY-LAUNDERING (AMENDMENT)ACT, 2009 NO. 21 OF 2009 [6th March, 2009. ] An Act further to amend the Prevention of Money-laundering Act, 2002. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixtieth Year of the Republic of India as follows:@ 1. ! Short title and commencement. ! 1. Short title and commencement. – (1) This Act may be called the Prevention of Money-laundering (Amendment) Act, 2009. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. @ 2. % Amendment of section 2. ! 2. Amendment of section 2. In section 2 of the Prevention of Money-laundering Act, 2002 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in sub-section (1),(i) after clause (d), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- (da) authorised person means an authorised person as defined in clause (c) of section 2 of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999;; (ii) after clause (j), the following clause shall be inserted, namely :- (ja) designated business or profession means carrying on activities for playing games of chance for cash or kind, and includes such activities associated with casino or such other activities as the Central Government may, by notification, so designate, from time to time;; (iii) in clause (l), for the words a non-banking financial company, the words an authorised person, a payment system operator and a non-banking financial company shall be substituted; (iv) in clause (q), after the words and figures Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the words and includes a person carrying on designated business or profession shall be inserted; (v) after clause (r), the following clauses shall be inserted, namely:- (ra) offence of cross border implications, means- (i) any conduct by a person at a place outside India which constitutes an offence at that place and which would have constituted an offence specified in Part A, Part B or Part C of the Schedule, had it been committed in India and if such person remits the proceeds of such conduct or part thereof to India; or (ii) any offence specified in Part A, Part B or Part C of the Schedule which has been committed in India and the proceeds of crime, or part thereof have been transferred to a place outside India or any attempt has been made to transfer the proceeds of crime, or part thereof from India to a place outside India. Explanation. -Nothing contained in this clause shall adversely affect any investigation, enquiry, trial or proceeding before any authority in respect of the offences specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule to the Act before the commencement of the Prevention of Money-laundering (Amendment) Act, 2009; (rb) payment system means a system that enables payment to be effected between a payer and a beneficiary, involving clearing, payment or settlement 1 service or all of them. Explanation. -For the purposes of this clause, payment system includes the systems enabling credit card operations, debit card operations, smart card operations, money transfer operations or similar operations; (rc) payment system operator means a person who operates a payment system and such person includes his overseas principal. Explanation. For the purposes of this clause, overseas principal means,- (A) in the case of a person, being an individual, such individual residing outside India, who owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India; (B) in the case of a Hindu undivided family, Karta of such Hindu undivided family residing outside India who owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India; (C) in the case of a company, a firm, an association of persons, a body of individuals, an artificial juridical person, whether incorporated or not, such company, firm, association of persons, body of individuals, artificial juridical person incorporated or registered outside India or existing as such and which owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India;; (vi) in clause (y), for sub-clause (ii), the following sub-clauses shall be substituted, namely:- (ii) the offences specified under Part B of the Schedule if the total value involved in such offences is thirty lakh rupees or more; or (iii) the offences specified under Part C of the Schedule. . @ 3. % Amendment of section 5. ! 3. Amendment of section 5. In section 5 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),(a) for the words ninety days, the w ords one hundred and fifty days shall be substituted; (b) for the proviso, the following provisos shall be substituted, namely:Provided that no such order of attachment shall be made unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been orwarded to a Magistrate under section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person, authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for taking cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be: Provided further that, notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b), any property of any person may be attached under this section if the Director or any other officer not below the rank of Deputy Director authorised by him for the purposes of this section has reason to believe (the reasons for such belief to be recorded in writing), on the basis of material in his possession, that if such property involved in money-laundering is not attached immediatel y under this Chapter, the non-attachment of the property is likely to frustrate any proceeding under this Act. . @ 4. % Amendment of section 6. ! 4. Amendment of section 6. In section 6 of the principal Act,- (i) in sub-section (1), for the words one or more Adjudicating Authorities, the words an Adjudicating Authority shall be substituted; (ii) in the proviso to sub-section (8), for the word sixty-two, the word sixty-five shall be substituted. 2 @ 5. % Amendment of section 8. ! 5. Amendment of section 8. In section 8 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1), for the words and figure offence under section 3, the words and figure offence under section 3 or is in possession of proceeds of crime shall be substituted. @ 6. % Amendment of section 12. ! 6. Amendment of section 12. In section 12 of the principal Act, for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely:(2)(a) The records referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) shall be maintained for a period of ten years from the date of transactions between the clients and the banking company or financial institution or intermediary, as the case may be. ( b) The records referred to in clause (c) of sub-section (1) shall be maintained for a period of ten years from the date of cessation of transactions between the clients and the banking company or financial institution or intermediary, as the case may be. . @ 7. % Amendment of section 17. ! 7. Amendment of section 17. In section 17 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),(i) in the opening portion, for the words the Director, the words the Director or any other officer not below the rank of Deputy Director authorised by him for the purposes of this section, shall be substituted; (ii) for the proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- Provided that no search shall be conducted unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been forwarded to a Magistrate under section 157 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person, authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for tak ing cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be. . @ 8. % Amendment of section 18. ! 8. Amendment of section 18. In section 18 of the principal Act,(i) in sub-section (1), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- Provided that no search of any person shall be made unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been forwarded to a Magistrate under section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for taking cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be. ; (ii) in sub-section (9), the proviso shall be omitted. @ 9. % Amendment of section 28. ! 9. Amendment of section 28. In section 28 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), clause (a) shall be omitted. @ 10. % Amendment of section 32. ! 10. Amendment of section 32. In section 32 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:Provided that the Chief Justice of India shall be consulted before removal of the Chairperson or a Member who was appointed on the recommendation of the Chief Justice of India. . 3 @ 11. % Amendment of section 38. ! 11. Amendment of section 38. In section 38 of the principal Act, for the words one or more of the other Members, the words third Member shall be substituted. @ 12. % Amendment of section 60. ! 12. Amendment of section 60. In section 60 of the principal Act, after sub-section (6), the following sub-section hall be inserted, namely:(7) When any property in India is confiscated as a result of execution of a request from a contracting State in accordance with the provisions of this Act, the Central Government may either return such property to the requesting State or compensate that State by disposal of such property on mutually agreed terms that would take into account deduction for reasonable expenses incurred in investigation, prosecution or judicial proceedings leading to the return or disposal of confiscated property. . @ 13. % Amendment of Schedule. ! 13. Amendment of Schedule. In the principal Act, in the Schedule,- (i) in Part A,- (a) in Paragraph 1, after section 121A and the entry relating thereto, the following sections and the entries shall be inserted, namely:- Section Description of offence 489A Counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes. 489B Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes. ; (b) in Paragraph 2, for sections 15, 18 and 20 and the entries relating thereto, the following sections and the entries shall be substituted, namely:- Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 16 Contravention in relation to coca plant and coca leaves. 17 Contravention in relation to prepared opium. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 19 Embezzl ement of opium by cultivator. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. 21 Contravention in relation to manufactured drugs and preparations. ; (c) after Paragraph 2, the following Paragraphs shall be inserted, namely:PARAGRAPH 3 OFFENCES UNDER THE EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT, 1908 Section Description of offence 3 Causing explosion likely to endanger life or property. Attempt to cause explosion, or for making or keeping explosives with intent to endanger life or property. 5 Making or possessing explosives under suspicious circumstances. PARAGRAPH 4 OFFENCES UNDER THE UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES (PREVENTION) ACT, 1967 Section Description of offence 10 read with section 3 Penalty for being member of an unlawful association, etc. 11 read with sections 3 Penalty for dealing with funds of an unlawful and 7 association. 13 read with section 3 Punishment for unlawful activities. 16 read with section 15 Punishment for terrorist act. 16A Punishment for making demands of radioactive su bstances, nuclear devices, etc. 17 Punishment for raising fund for terrorist act. 18 Punishment for conspiracy, etc. 8A Punishment for organising of terrorist camps. 4 18B Punishment for recruiting of any person or persons for terrorist act. 19 Punishment for harbouring, etc. 20 Punishment for being member of terrorist gang or organisation. 21 Punishment for holding proceeds of terrorism. 38 Offence relating to membership of a terrorist organisation. THE SCHEDULE [See section 2 (y)] PART A * * * * * PARAGRAPH 2 OFFENCES UNDER THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985 Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. * * * * PART B PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 302 Murder. 304 Culpable homicide not amounting to murder, if act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitiate the commission of the offence. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitate the commission of the offence. 64A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. 39 Offence relating to support given to a terrorist organisation. 40 Offence of raising fund for a terrorist organisation. ; (ii) in Part B,- (a) for Paragraph 1, the following Paragraph shall be substituted, namely:PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 120B Criminal conspiracy. 255 Counterfeiting Government stamp. 257 Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting Government stamp. 258 Sale of counterfeit Government stamp. 259 Ha ving possession of counterfeit Government stamp. 260 Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit. 02 Murder. 304 Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act. 364A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. 5 392 to 402 Offences relating to robbery and dacoity. 411 Dishonestly receiving stolen property. 412 Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a dacoity. 413 Habitually dealing in stolen property. 414 Assisting in concealment of stolen property. 17 Punishment for cheating. 418 Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may ensue to person whose interest offender is bound to protect. 419 Punishment for cheating by personation. 420 Cheating and dishonestly inducing deliver y of properties. 421 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors. THE SCHEDULE [See section 2 (y)] PART A * * * * * PARAGRAPH 2 OFFENCES UNDER THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985 Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. * * * * PART B PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 302 Murder. 304 Culpable homicide not amounting to murder, if act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitiate the commission of the offence. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or a valuable se curity, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitate the commission of the offence. 64A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. PARAGRAPH 7 OFFENCES UNDER THE ANTIQUITIES AND ARTS TREASURES ACT, 1972 Section Description of offence 25 read with Contravention of export trade in antiquities and art section 3 treasures. 28 Offences by companies. PARAGRAPH 8 OFFENCES UNDER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT, 1992 Section Description of offence 12A read Prohibition of manipulative and deceptive devices, with insider trading and substantial acquisition of securities section 24 or control. PARAGRAPH 9 OFFENCES UNDER THE CUSTOMS ACT, 1962 Section Description of offence 135 Evasion of duty or prohibitions. 6 PARAGRAPH 10 OFFENCES UNDER THE BONDED LABOUR SYSTEM (ABOLITION) ACT, 1976 Section Description of offence 16 Punishment for enforcement of bonded labour. 18 Punishment for extracting bonded labour under the bonded labour system. 20 Abetment to be an offence. PARAGRAPH 11 OFFENCES UNDER THE CHILD LABOUR (PROHIBITION AND REGULATION) ACT, 1986 Section Description of offence 14 Punishment for employment of any child to work in contravention of the provisions of section 3. PARAGRAPH 12 OFFENCES UNDER THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS ACT, 1994 Section Description of offence 18 Punishment for removal of human organ without authority. 19 Punishment for commercial dealings in human organs. 20 Punishment for contraventon of any other provision of this Act. PARAGRAPH 24 OFFENCES UNDER THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 Section Description of offence 37 Failure to comply with the provisions for operating industrial plant. PARAGRAPH 25 OFFENCES UNDER THE SUPPRESSION OF UNLAWFUL ACTS AGAINST SAFETY OF MARITIME NAVIGATION AND FIXED PLATFORMS ON CONTINENTAL SHELF ACT, 2002 Section Description of offence 3 Offences against ship, fixed platform, cargo of a ship, maritime navigational facilities, etc. ; (iii) after Part B, the following Part shall be inserted, namely:- PART C An offence which is the offence of cross border implications and is specified in,- (1) Part A; or (2) Part B without any monetary threshold; or (3) the offences against property under Chapter XVII of the Indian Penal Code. . – V. K. BHASIN, Additional Secretary to the Govt. of India. {} 7

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based approaches to mental health nursing Essay

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based approaches to mental health nursing and their application to depression - Essay Example This paper presents a literature review of the cognitive behavioral therapy based approaches to mental health nursing and their application to depression. The most remarkable finding published thus far on the treatment of depression has been in a major research, conducted by Keller and colleagues (2000), weighing the outcomes of one of the more recent treatments, nefazodone, against a new treatment, the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP). The CBASP approach suggests that the mindset of individuals with chronic depression has become retarded or regressed to the most elementary developmental stage. The nature of this mindset makes patient indifferent to forces from the social environment, leading to the belief that they are not able to affect any of the circumstances in their lives. This kind of mindset leads to the submissiveness and vulnerability usual of patients with chronic depression. The technique underlying the therapy is to demonstrate to patients th at their decisions and behavior do in fact have significant effects, so that they will be encouraged to adopt behaviors that will yield positive outcomes. These positive outcomes, which stem mostly from social support, work to bring back motivation and enhance mood. Several techniques are implemented in adopting this approach such as the following (Keller et al., 2000, p. 1465): Provision of consistent feedback from the therapist on the interpersonal effects of the patient’s actions. Teaching patients to discriminate between aversive or abusive past interpersonal situations where they could not affect outcomes and current situations where they can. Teaching patients to evaluate systematically whether their actions are assisting them in achieving desired outcomes. The study of Keller and colleagues (2000) presented credible proof that CBASP is very useful in treating chronic depression. The speed of total remission with the combination of medication and CBASP in the study of K eller and colleagues (2000) was almost double the speed of total remission of patients who received medication and cognitive therapy. It is somewhat likely that CBASP will become the most successful therapy for chronic depression. However, this is not yet definite, since the speed of response to medication was significantly greater than in studies using cognitive therapy. Even though the research subjects used in the study of Kelly and colleagues (2000) seem to have higher levels of chronic depression than those in cognitive therapy studies, it is also probable that they were more responsive to treatment. Relapse preventive outcomes have also been reported applying other newer treatment approaches of cognitive therapy. Galante and colleagues (2013) formulated Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) which incorporates several typical cognitive therapy policies into mindfulness approaches. MBCT is given in a group setting with individuals who have experienced severe depression. Thi s treatment was developed particularly with the purpose of enhancing meta-cognitive consciousness in patients who have recovered from depression and who are highly vulnerable to more episodes. By means of mindfulness exercise, MBCT seeks to build a mental ‘group’ of meta-cognitive consciousness that is broader than the meta-awareness associated only with a damaging